The 30th UN Climate Change Conference has come to an end in Belém, Brazil. Despite intensive negotiations, countries were unable to agree on a roadmap for the global phase-out of fossil fuels such as oil, coal, and gas.
On November 22, 2025, the 30th UN Climate Change Conference under the Paris Agreement (COP30) came to an end in Belém, Brazil. The 194 signatory states discussed the national climate targets they had set for reducing greenhouse gases, as well as measures to accelerate the implementation of climate protection and close the gap to the 1.5-degree target. The Paris Agreement commits all countries to take concrete steps to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions from 2020 onwards in order to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees. Despite intensive negotiations, however, the countries were unable to agree on a roadmap for the global phase-out of fossil fuels such as oil, coal, and gas.
Efforts to phase out fossil fuels have failed
At COP30, a roadmap for the global phase-out of oil, coal, and gas should have been drawn up, as had been confirmed at COP28 in Dubai. However, despite intensive negotiations, no agreement was reached. Oil-producing countries such as Saudi Arabia and Russia, as well as China and India, rejected a corresponding roadmap. Switzerland regrets this. It had advocated for such a roadmap in the negotiations. Instead, two new measures were adopted that are intended to enable faster implementation of national climate targets, primarily through increased cooperation between countries.
Financial support for developing countries to be tripled
The signatory states also agreed to triple financial support for climate change adaptation measures for developing countries by 2035.
Federal Councilor Rösti signed climate agreements with Zambia and Mongolia
Federal Councilor Albert Rösti, who traveled to Belém for the final negotiations, signed climate agreements with Zambia and Mongolia. These agreements create the framework for projects to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Switzerland can count the CO2 emissions saved in these countries toward its climate target.
